Used with permission. To learn the facts of Conrad's case, one can turn to Adam Hochschild's book, King Leopold's Ghost: A Story of Greed, Terror and Heroism in Colonial Africa (Houghton Mifflin, 1998). We in the West shrug in bemusement and wonder why these Africans can't get it together. Religious Characteristics of States Dataset Project: Demographics, Religious Characteristics of States Dataset Project: Government Religious Preference (GRP). The Democratic Republic of the Congo, also known as DR Congo, DRC, Congo, Congo-Kinshasa, DROC, or RDC (known as Zaïre 1971–97), is a country located in Central Africa. The leaders of the villages would then come under the power of the king of the whole empire. The Congolese Civil Wars, beginning in 1996, brought about the end of Mobutu Sese Seko's 31 year reign, devastated the country, and ultimately involved nine African nations, multiple groups of UN peacekeepers and twenty armed groups. Leopold then used the treaties to convince other Western colonial powers that he had legal right to the Congo River basin, an area more than fifty times the size of Belgium. In 1482, the Portuguese explorer Diego Ciio discovered the Congo River and established the first Western contact with the people of the Congo.' Colonization of the Congo refers to the period from Henry Morton Stanley's first exploration of the Congo (1876) until its annexation as a personal possession of King Leopold II of Belgium (1885). The New Imperialism European countries controlled only small part of Africa in 1880; but by 1914 only Ethiopia, Liberia remained independent. Lega calls on Emilia Romagna regional authorities to outlaw SI Cobas union, The UK agency workers regulations: an opportunity to organise, guide to using ebook readers with libcom.org, The Illusion of State Intervention in the Economy: The Eternal Anti-Working Class Weapon of Reformism, Ang Anarkistang Koreano ng Rebolusyonaryong Shinmin, No to Eviction! The RCS Data Project would like to acknowledge, recognize, and express our deepest gratitude for the significant contributions of Todd M. Johnson the principal investigator of the World Christian Database and the co-principal investigator of the World Religion Database. Indigenous African religions are by nature plural, varied, and usually informed by one’s ethnic identity, where one's family came from in Africa. Religion is a fundamental, perhaps the most important, influence in the life of most Africans – J. O. Awolalu. The Congo had suffered under the Trans-Atlantic slave trade, during which the Portuguese captured residents of the Congo and sold them into slavery. The Religious Characteristics of States Dataset Project: Government Religious Preference (GRP) measures government-level favoritism toward, and disfavor against, 30 religious denominations. Why your go-to-market strategy should be industry focused; Dec. 1, 2020. Click here to register now. If it's your first time on the site, or you're looking for something specific, it can be difficult to know where to start. The five components' composites in turn are further combined into a single composite score, the GRP score. A comprehensive history of the interaction between religion and colonization. Usually this refers to “indigenous art traditions that were viable and active prior to the colonization of Africa by European powers in the late nineteenth century. Besides the capital, Kinshasa, the other largest cities, Lubumbashi and Mbuji-Mayi, are both mining communities. In recent weeks the Democratic Republic of the Congo, formerly known as Zaire, and before that the Belgian Congo, has been in the news: A brutal civil war, an horrendous AIDS epidemic, the assassination of its dictator, Laurent Kabila, and now a new President, Kabila's son Joseph, who is in Washington for talks with the Bush Administration. While establishing this religion in the country, the belief was held by Belgium colonizers that Catholicism would lead to a more disciplined… Instead the legacy of … The name comes from the fact that the founders of the kingdom were KiKongo speaking people, and the spelling of Congo with a C comes from the Portuguese translation. Statue of King Leopold II This statue was placed in the Democratic Republic of Congo to remind Congolese the horrors of the Belgian colonization. The Congo, despite the attempt at a new image with the new name of the Democratic Republic of Congo, serves as example of the lasting effects of colonization on a nation. Religion, colonisation et décolonisation au Congo, 1885-1960 - Paperback - 9789462701427 | AKO boeken *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. The Religion and State (RAS) Project is a university-based project located at Bar Ilan University in Ramat Gan, Israel. Luckily, there's a range of ways you can filter the library content to suit your needs, from casual browsing to researching a particular topic. The church owns most of the primary and secondary schools, hospitals, clinics, farms, ranch… If you don't have permissions to post content yet, just request it here. The RCS was created to fulfill the unmet need for a dataset on the religious dimensions of countries of the world, with the state-year as the unit of observation. Religion, colonisation et decolonisation au Congo, 1885-1960 by Vincent Viaene, from wordery.com. These events are usually described in the media without historic context. Blog. The Congo, despite the attempt at a new image with the new name of the Democratic Republic of Congo, serves as example of the lasting effects of colonization on a nation. It estimates populations and percentages of adherents of 100 religious denominations including second level subdivision within Christianity and Islam. All Rights Reserved. Afro-Asiatic, Nilo-Saharan and Niger-Congo (commonly referred to as Bantu). The Kongo was a state located primarily in the southwest portion of the modern Congo, and also occupying portions of northern Angola and Cabinda. Capital Kinshasa Population (2010) 65,970,000 Annual population growth rate (2000-2010) 2.9% Population gain (2000-2010) 16,340,000 GDP per capita Gratis verzending vanaf €19,95 14 dagen bedenktijd He also spoke out against Western control of the Congo's resources and was thus considered a "communist.". Thus was the Belgian Congo created. At its greatest extent, the kingdom reached from the Atlantic Ocean in the west to the Kwango River in the east, and from the Point Noire in the north to the Loje River in the south. In southern Africa most of the leaders who participated in the fight for independence were educated by missionaries or schools built by missionaries. Everyday low prices and free delivery on eligible orders. Kimbanguism originated from its neighboring country, the Democratic Republic of Congo. 90% of these Christians are Roman Catholics. (http://www.wikipedia.org/), Gross National Income Per Capita (PPP 2016 US $). Defend the Occupation Carlos Marighella Against the Genocide Racist State of Brazil, Manchester Students’ Rent Strike Victory, Davoud Rafiei a Workers Rights Activist has been punished with 74 lashes in Iran, Against the fetish of representation: class struggle in China beyond the leftist Grand Narrative, Gorter, Herman, 1864-1927 obituary - H. Canne Meijer, Defence of the Polish post office in Danzig. A short history of colonialism in Congo, 1885-1997.pdf. It is the second largest country in Africa by area and the eleventh largest in the world. Overview As the imperial powers of Europe set their sights on new geographic regions to expand their spheres of influence in the 19 th century, Africa emerged as a prime location for colonization due to its wealth of natural resources and purportedly undeveloped economies ripe for exploitation. The libcom library contains nearly 20,000 articles. For several hundred years before the arrival of Europeans in the late fifteenth century, many kingdoms were highly organized and efficient administrators of … Then there's Joseph Conrad's novel, Heart of Darkness. A comprehensive history of the interaction between religion and colonization. 2. After this look at African kingdoms before and after European colonization, learn more about the horrors of Leopold II's reign over the Congo Free State. African cultures never existed in isolation—there was always movement, trade, and the exchange of ideas. The state of Belgiumalso subsidized Roman Catholic missions that would establish schools as well as hospitals throughout the country. The Religious Characteristics of States Dataset Project: Demographics reports the estimates of religious demographics, both country by country and region by region. The colonization of Belgium was only for Belgium’s and King Leopold’s interest and the people of Congo were treated as material objects and dehumanized. Logged in users: ▶ Can comment on articles and discussions The Tutsi and Hutu people interacted long before European colonization in the 19th century. Leopold administered the Congo in a notoriously brutal manner, using it to augment his own personal wealth. ", A Congolese worker called Nsala with the severed hand and foot of his five-year-old daughter, Boali. The dominant political force of the Congo region prior to and during the initial arrival of Europeans was the Kingdom of Kongo. I killed a hundred people but that allowed five hundred others to live." Events don't unfold in a vacuum. History. With the men doing forced labor and the women held hostage (and being raped and otherwise brutalized), the native social structure was destroyed. In 1908 the Congo would become known as the Belgian Congo. Buy Religion, colonization and decolonization in Congo, 1885-1960. This dataset, featuring this and other international measures highlighted on the country pages, may be previewed and downloaded here. Before the European incursion into Rwanda and the Belgian colonization, Rwanda was united under the central leadership of an absolute Tutsi monarchy. Relying on agencies from each country, as well as a synthesis of data from United Nations divisions, Eurostate Demographic statistics, the U.S. Census international database, and its own data collection, the World Bank's Open Data site offers free and open access to data about development in countries around the globe. Get FREE shipping on Religion, colonization and decolonization in Congo, 1885-1960. Facing East from Indian Country by Daniel K Richter . The ethnic groups, the merchant groups of Bakongo, and the Congo River tribes (Gondola 2002:10), who were most successful at adjusting to modernity, were the richest. The Democratic Republic of the Congo, also known as DR Congo, DRC, Congo, Congo-Kinshasa, DROC, or RDC (known as Zaïre 1971–97), is a country located in Central Africa. Leopold administered the Congo in a notoriously brutal manner, using it to augment his own personal wealth. The creator can be approached through numerous other deities and spirits in the form of natural objects, most commonly through the god of thunder (Amadioha). The slave trade caused major depopulation and conflicts between the ethnic clusters, weakening them all as kingdoms. The second king of Belgium, Leopold II, was a very ambitious man who wanted to personally enrich himself and enhance his country’s prestige by annexing and colonizing lands in Africa. African Women’s Role in Resistance against Colonization. African political systems are described in a number of textbooks and general books on African history. Leopold felt stifled by his country's parliamentary democracy, as Hochschild tells it. ▶ Start forum discussions, submit articles, and more... about | donate | help out | submitting content | other languages | a-z | contact us | site notes. During Leopold’s rule in the Congo he was accused of enslaving the Congolese and killing 10 million of them through forced labor, starvation and outright extermination. A very short overview of Belgian, and latterly US, imperialism in Congo, written by Marty Jezer in 2001. Bestel Religion, colonization and decolonization in Congo, 1885-1960. The Kimbangu Church dates back to 1921 when Simon Kimbangu founded the church based on his own personal religious beliefs regarding Christianity. Religion. 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